球閥：是由旋塞閥演變而來。它具有相同的旋轉(zhuǎn)90°動作，不同的是旋塞體是球體，有圓形通孔或通道通過其軸線。球面和通道口的比例應該是這樣的，即當球旋轉(zhuǎn)90°時，在進、出口處應全部呈現(xiàn)球面，從而截斷流體流動。針閥：針閥是節(jié)流閥的一種，調(diào)節(jié)精度比較高。活門呈針狀，沿水流方向動作，改變過流斷面積，用以截斷或調(diào)節(jié)流量的閥門。針閥是一種微調(diào)閥，其閥塞為針形，主要用作調(diào)節(jié)氣流量。微調(diào)閥要求閥口開啟逐漸變大，從關(guān)閉到開啟最大能連續(xù)細微地調(diào)節(jié)。針形閥塞一般用經(jīng)過淬火的鋼制長針，而閥座是用錫、銅等軟質(zhì)材料制成。閥針與閥座問的密封是依靠其錐面緊密配合達到的。閥針的錐度有1：50和60錐角兩種，錐表面要經(jīng)過精細研磨。閥桿與閥座問的密封是靠波紋管實現(xiàn)的。球閥與針閥的區(qū)別：

　　針閥可以調(diào)節(jié)流量的大小，球閥不能調(diào)節(jié)流量；針閥完全打開需要將手柄擰幾圈，而球閥只需轉(zhuǎn)90°。

　　Ball valve: It evolved from a plug valve. It shares the same 90° rotational action, but the difference lies in the fact that the plug body is a ball with a circular through-hole or passage passing through its axis. The ratio between the spherical surface and the passage opening should be such that when the ball rotates 90°, the inlet and outlet ports should both present spherical surfaces, thereby cutting off fluid flow. Needle valve: A needle valve is a type of throttle valve with relatively high adjustment accuracy. The valve needle is needle-shaped and moves in the direction of water flow, changing the cross-sectional area of the flow passage to cut off or adjust the flow rate. A needle valve is a fine adjustment valve with a needle-shaped valve plug, mainly used to adjust air flow. Fine adjustment valves require the valve port to gradually open from closed to fully open, allowing for continuous and subtle adjustments. The needle-shaped valve plug is generally made of quenched steel long needles, while the valve seat is made of soft materials such as tin and copper. The sealing between the valve needle and the valve seat is achieved by their conical surfaces fitting tightly together. The conicity of the valve needle can be either 1:50 or 60 degrees, and the conical surface needs to be finely ground. The sealing between the valve stem and the valve seat is achieved by a bellows. Difference between ball valve and needle valve: Needle valves can adjust the flow rate, while ball valves cannot; to fully open a needle valve, the handle needs to be turned several turns, while a ball valve only needs to be rotated 90°.

　　在外型上區(qū)別更明顯，針閥有手輪、球閥有手把。

　　 In terms of appearance, the difference is more pronounced. The needle valve has a handwheel, while the ball valve has a handle.

　　在液、氣壓控制管道上若要調(diào)節(jié)流量則選針閥，若快速截斷流量則選球閥。

　　 To adjust the flow rate on liquid and pneumatic control pipelines, a needle valve should be selected; to quickly shut off the flow, a ball valve should be chosen.

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